Recent discussions on Nigeria’s Climate Crisis have highlighted the urgent need to address the underlying causes of escalating farmer-herder conflicts. The growing recognition of Climate Change as a critical factor exacerbating these clashes underscores the necessity for comprehensive solutions. A recent forum, organized by the Deputy Chairman of the House Committee on Environment in Abuja, brought together key stakeholders to explore the link between climate change and resource-based conflicts. Senator George Akume, representing the Secretary to the Government of the Federation, emphasized the undeniable impact of climate change on global atmospheric conditions, attributing these changes to human activities over the past century.
This shift, he noted, poses a significant threat to Sustainable Development and efforts to eradicate extreme poverty. Research indicates that desertification, no longer a theoretical concern, is visibly encroaching upon Nigeria’s borders. This process has devastated over 200 villages, displacing thousands and shrinking the nation’s landmass and natural resources. Dr. Ishaq Salako, Minister of State for Environment, stressed the importance of collaborative efforts between legislative and executive branches in addressing this multifaceted challenge. He advocated for a coordinated approach that incorporates diverse strategies to combat climate change and its repercussions. Similarly, Joseph Utsev, Minister of Water Resources and Sanitation, called for proactive measures to mitigate the effects of climate change, emphasizing the need for urgent action.
Climate change fuels farmer-herder conflicts.
Speaker of the House of Representatives, Mr. Tajudeen Abbas, underscored the worsening of farmer-herder conflicts due to climate change. He highlighted the inadequacy of traditional farming and herding practices in the face of changing environmental conditions. Abbas pointed out that outdated methods and limited adaptation to global trends have exacerbated the conflict. Recent efforts, such as the creation of the Livestock Ministry under President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s administration, aim to standardize animal husbandry practices. However, challenges remain, including cultural resistance, lack of capital, and political obstacles.
Abbas called for a transition to more effective ranching methods and global agricultural practices, urging a reevaluation of the Land Use Act’s limitations on land management. The forum also featured insights from Hon. Terseer Ugbor, the Deputy Chairman of the House Committee on Environment, who discussed the broader implications of climate-induced migration. As pastures in the Sahel region degrade, herders are migrating southward, leading to increased competition for resources and intensifying conflicts with farmers. Ugbor highlighted the devastating effects on communities, including over 1,800 deaths and 2.5 million displacements between 2013 and 2022, according to the International Crisis Group.
Forum proposes solutions for climate-fueled conflicts in Nigeria.
The forum proposed several solutions to address this crisis, including affordable green housing for displaced persons, restoration of degraded lands, capacity building, and improved resource and water management. A documentary titled “Behind the Valley” was premiered, illustrating the severe impact of climate change and farmer-herder conflicts in Benue State. This initiative calls for collaborative support and resources to ensure long-term stability and peaceful coexistence in Nigeria. Addressing the intertwined issues of climate change and farmer-herder conflicts requires a unified approach that incorporates innovative strategies and international best practices.
To effectively tackle the crisis of climate change and farmer-herder conflicts, Nigeria must prioritize strengthened collaboration between governmental bodies, local communities, and international partners. Enhanced dialogue and shared resources are essential for implementing sustainable practices and managing environmental challenges. The establishment of dedicated task forces and committees focused on climate adaptation and conflict resolution can facilitate more coordinated responses. Additionally, fostering partnerships with global organizations and leveraging international expertise will be crucial in developing and deploying innovative solutions tailored to Nigeria’s unique circumstances.
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Policy reforms are equally important in addressing the underlying issues of resource scarcity and land management. Revising the Land Use Act to provide more flexible land tenure arrangements can empower local communities and promote more equitable access to resources. Integrating Climate Resilience into national development plans and agricultural policies will help mitigate the impacts of climate change and reduce conflicts. By adopting a holistic approach that combines legislative changes, community engagement, and global cooperation, Nigeria can work towards Sustainable Solutions that benefit both farmers and herders, ultimately contributing to national stability and prosperity.