In the face of economic crises, rising insecurity, and growing Human Rights concerns, the inability of opposition parties to stand united effectively jeopardises the country’s democratic progress. These sentiments were emphasised by Okey Nwosu, the National Chairman of the African Democratic Congress (ADC), during the launch of the Digital Political Academy at the ADC Global Campus, Abuja. Nwosu expressed concern over Nigerians’ deteriorating living conditions, attributing much of the blame to ineffective governance under the All Progressives Congress (APC).
However, he stressed that other parties must bear some responsibility for failing to counterbalance the ruling party’s policies. For democracy to thrive, Nwosu argued, they must rise to the challenge and serve as the people’s voice. As a result, Democracy is not just about elections; it is about providing checks and balances, ensuring accountability, and offering alternative solutions to governance. Competitor parties play a pivotal role by scrutinising government actions, proposing reforms, and advocating for citizens’ rights. A weak opponent undermines these principles, leaving citizens vulnerable to unchecked power and poor governance.
Human rights and democratic accountability are under threat.
Recent political developments in the county, including controversial elections in Edo and Ondo states, have highlighted the declining impact of the competitors. Human rights violations, such as the arrest of prominent activist Dele Farotimi, further expose the fragility of democratic institutions. These incidents indicate an urgent need for other parties to step up and reinforce their commitment to justice and accountability. The arrest of Dele Farotimi has raised widespread condemnation, with critics viewing it as a blatant attempt to silence dissent.
Among other voices, the ADC has called for Farotimi’s immediate release, urging the federal government to uphold citizens’ rights and freedoms. Nwosu warned that the Erosion of democratic principles and human rights threatens the nation’s stability. Such actions reflect a larger trend in which state institutions are weaponised to suppress other party voices and dissenting opinions. This not only weakens them but also erodes public confidence in democracy itself. Rivalry parties must unite to challenge these injustices and advocate for institutional reforms protecting human rights.
Challenges facing opposition parties in Nigeria and beyond.
The struggles of other parties are not unique to Nigeria; they reflect broader trends across many developing democracies. In these contexts, opposition parties often face systemic challenges, including limited resource access, restricted media coverage, and political persecution. Governing parties frequently view other groups as adversaries rather than partners in democratic governance, further polarising the political system. In extreme cases, rival parties are marginalised and subjected to legal and extrajudicial measures designed to stifle their activities. From media blackouts to the criminalisation of dissent, these tactics weaken democratic institutions and restrict citizens’ ability to hold their leaders accountable.
Without a strong opponent, governments face little pressure to deliver effective governance, leading to widespread disillusionment among citizens. To address these challenges, other parties must adopt a more unified and strategic approach. This includes forming coalitions, amplifying public engagement, and leveraging Technology to reach broader audiences. Equally important is their need to move beyond ethnic, religious, and regional divides. By focusing on national development and inclusive policies, they can appeal to a wider electorate and position themselves as credible alternatives to the ruling party. This change in strategy will strengthen their influence and enhance the quality of public discourse in the country.
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Lastly, strengthening opposition parties requires more than internal restructuring; it demands systemic reforms that protect their rights and freedoms. Legal frameworks must ensure that opposition parties are not subjected to arbitrary persecution, restricted access to public resources, or exclusion from national debates. While genuine criminal activities should be prosecuted, governments must distinguish between legitimate political opposition and criminal conduct. On the other hand, the government must establish democratic systems where opposition parties are legally recognised, adequately resourced, and allowed to operate freely. Such measures will create an environment where democracy can thrive, promoting transparency, accountability, and Innovation in governance.