As temperatures rise and weather patterns change, the world is struggling with the challenge known as climate change. This event worsens environmental issues such as Forest loss, declining soil quality, scarcity of clean water, lack of food security, and increased pollution. In Nigeria, the effects of Climate Change are causing concern, endangering the income and well-being of millions of people. With the increasing frequency of extreme weather events and ongoing shifts in weather patterns, the country must urgently focus on implementing climate change policies to address and adapt to these challenges.
Recent floods have devastated the country, displacing millions and causing widespread destruction, demonstrating that the impact of climate change in the region cannot be overlooked. Agriculture is affected, homes are destroyed, and natural resources are depleted, highlighting the urgent need to address this significant challenge facing the citizens today. Due to changing rainfall patterns and rising temperatures, the nation faces significant challenges with water availability, food security, and economic stability. These challenges threaten the country’s ability to support its citizens.
National climate policies to address the impacts of climate change.
In response to these challenges, the country has developed the National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) for 2021-2030, which aims to reduce Greenhouse gas (GHG) Emissions and minimise the socio-economic impacts of climate change. This policy is a comprehensive framework for coordinating development planning, financing, and monitoring climate change initiatives. The document sets forth clear targets and aims for addressing climate change in the country, offering key principles and tactics for implementing initiatives that alleviate the negative impacts of climate change on the nation’s progress.
Furthermore, in 2020, Nigeria produced 126.9 million tonnes of greenhouse gas emissions, with the energy sector responsible for the majority (60%). The country’s revised Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) now focuses on improving Waste Management and water conservation while emphasising the importance of nature-based solutions, as stated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The Climate Action Tracker (CAT) has assessed the national climate goals and strategies as being close to meeting the standards (almost sufficient), suggesting that some work remains to fully adhere to the Paris Agreement’s objective of limiting global temperature increase to 1.5°C. The country can improve its climate efforts to achieve this goal by making moderate enhancements.
NCCP serves as the framework for efforts towards addressing climate change.
However, the National Climate Change Act of 2021 is a notable step in addressing climate issues. The Act showcases the nation’s dedication to sustainable development, focusing on reducing carbon emissions and building resilience to climate impacts. It covers a wide range of strategies for adapting to and mitigating the effects of climate change, offering a roadmap for sustainable economic progress that also considers the risks posed by a changing climate. Also, the National Climate Change Policy (NCCP) serves as a comprehensive framework for efforts towards addressing climate change.
It starts by providing a detailed analysis of the climate situation, situating the policy within the broader landscape of national initiatives. The document explores its unique challenges, emphasising the country’s vulnerability. The policy has a clear vision, strategic objectives, and core principles to promote a robust Economy that can withstand its impacts. The country has essential guidelines to tackle present and future climate challenges through effective mitigation and adaptation strategies. The Climate Change Act and its accompanying policies hold the key to shaping the future of climate change. Through effective implementation, this Legislation has the potential to act as an instrument for promoting climate advocacy and providing a solid legal framework for driving climate initiatives across the nation.
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By introducing the inaugural climate change law in West Africa, it emerges as a pioneering force and establishes a model for neighbouring nations to follow. In order to unlock its full potential, the country needs to implement the act by creating the essential structures, organisations, and systems for successful execution. This involves obtaining funding, developing skills, and ensuring that climate strategies are incorporated into every aspect of the economy. By taking these steps, it can progress towards a tomorrow where climate resistance and lasting growth work together, protecting the Welfare of its citizens and the environment.