As the we observes World Thrombosis Day today, October 13, attention has shifted to the mounting toll thrombosis is having on Nigeria public health. Thrombosis, which is the accumulation of blood clots in blood veins, can result in life-threatening illnesses such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolisms (PE), strokes, and heart attacks. Nigeria is witnessing an increase in cases of this medical condition which is also recognized as a global health concern. According to experts, Venous thromboembolism (VTE), has become a serious health issue in Nigeria and is impacting an increasing number of people regardless of age, sex, or socioeconomic status.
As per reports, one in four deaths globally are attributed to thrombosis. Hospital reports show a consistent rise in cases over the previous ten years in Nigeria. SYNLAB reported that thrombosis claims the lives of 200,000 Nigerians annually. According to a Nigerian Heart Foundation research from 2021, Heart Disease and stroke are the two main causes of death in metropolitan areas, where the burden of thrombotic diseases is increasing. According to experts, if the underlying risk factors—such as obesity, physical inactivity, and limited access to healthcare—are not addressed, these figures are certain to rise.
Surgery ward patients were more vulnerable to the illness.
Experts posit that this trend has grown worse as people’s lifestyles have changed and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like Diabetes and Hypertension have become more common. Nigerians are becoming more conscious of this medical condition due to a combination of health issues and a lack of knowledge about early detection. According to a study conducted at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, almost 50% of patients who were admitted were at risk for VTE. Compared to patients in medical wards, surgery ward patients were more vulnerable to the medical condition.
Stakeholders and medical professionals warn that ineffective strategies could cause avoidable illnesses to become silent killers. Instances of this medical condition are on the rise due to a number of factors. Reduction in physical activities due to sedentary lifestyle brought on by growing Urbanization and technological advantages is a contributing factor. Long periods of sitting are a known risk factor for deep vein thrombosis, and more Nigerians are employed in environments that require this setting. The rising cases of NCDs, including obesity, diabetes, and hypertension, goes hand in hand with this. Blood clot risk is greatly increased by these disorders, which are frequently associated with poor diets and inactivity.
Government action is essential to curb the health concern.
According to a 2022 study that was published in the Nigerian Medical Journal, more than 60 percent of persons living in cities had at least one cardiovascular disease risk factor, which increased their chance of thrombosis. In order to lessen the prevalence of thrombosis in Nigeria, experts emphasize the significance of raising awareness. Promoting regular physical exercise is one of the preventive approaches, especially for those with sedentary occupations. Blood coagulation problems can be prevented by promoting a diet high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains and low in risk factors.
Healthcare professionals are urged to place a high priority on educating patients about the early warning symptoms of the medical condition, which include chest pain, abrupt dyspnea, and leg edema. Access to regular screening for high-risk populations, such as those with diabetes, high blood pressure, or obesity should also be made easier. Experts advise that government action is essential going forward. Investing in healthcare, especially in areas such as public Education campaigns and routine screening for persons at risk, can effectively lower the rate of thrombosis.
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Furthermore, improving access to medications such as anticoagulants may aid people with blood clot issues have better results. Campaigns to raise public awareness regarding the risks of blood clots, such as World Thrombosis Day, are crucial as Nigeria struggles with the health issues associated with the medical condition. It is envisioned that Nigeria can lessen the growing threat of thrombosis and enhance health outcomes for its people by increased public education, lifestyle modifications, and better access to healthcare.