Security challenges in Nigeria are diverse, ranging from terrorism, banditry, and secessionist movements, which continues to jeopardize the stability and progress of the nation. The agricultural sector in Nigeria is already feeling the impact, with millions of people facing a food crisis. Increased security threats have put farmers in danger and caused significant disruptions to their livelihoods. Kidnappings have become more frequent in recent years, posing challenges for those working in Agriculture. As a result, farmers have abandoned their agricultural lands, resulting in a decline in food production and a rise in food costs.
The issue of Insecurity has long plagued the nation, with various groups expressing worries about its impact on Nigeria’s Food Shortage. According to the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) Food Inflation Report from April 2024, the food inflation rate stood at a staggering 40.53 percent. This rate is concerning when compared to the previous year 24.61 percent in April 2023. In March 2022, Forbes brought attention to the escalating threat of Terrorism to Food Security in Nigeria with their article titled “In Nigeria, Terrorism has Become a Major Threat to Food Security.
Persisting violence has greatly impacted food accessibility.
In 2021, a large number of farmers were tragically murdered or taken captive, according to the article. As a result, many farmers have abandoned their fields, causing a sharp increase in the cost of food. Over the past year, staple foods like beans and tomatoes have experienced significant price hikes, with beans rising by 253 percent and tomatoes by 123 percent since July 2020. In a press release issued by United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) in January 2023, it was revealed that 25 million Nigerians are at risk of hunger, with insecurity being identified as a major contributor to food insecurity.
Also, persisting violence in the Borno, Adamawa, and Yobe (BAY) states, as well as instances of armed Banditry and Kidnapping in Katsina, Sokoto, Kaduna, Benue, and Niger states, has greatly impacted food accessibility. Reports from various national newspapers and media sources have highlighted incidents of farmers being abducted and subjected to intimidation. As a result, Food Prices have steadily risen in recent years. Nigerians are reportedly spending a high portion of their earnings towards purchasing food. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) projected in November 2023 that approximately 26.5 million individuals in Nigeria will be experiencing severe food insecurity in the year 2024.
Many small and large-scale farmers have stopped operation.
Recent reports have shown a concerning rise in farmers’ insecurity, as bandits have grown bolder in their actions. These bandits are now demanding fees from farmers in exchange for safety during planting and harvesting. A report in March 2024 revealed that farmers in Northwestern Nigeria have paid a total of ₦139.5 million to bandits as levies from 2020 to 2023. Many small and large-scale farmers have stopped engaging in farming , while those who continue to farm are close to shutting down their operations due to fear of their life.
Just a few months ago, a major plantation in Nigeria, Okomu Oil Palm Plc, threatened to shutdown operation due to security concerns. The company’s managing director expressed frustration with the ongoing violence and abductions. The managing director of the company expressed frustration over paying more than ₦12 billion in taxes to the government each year while still having to provide security for equipment and personnel independently. Numerous reports and Social Media posts validate the insecurity issues faced. Finding a speedy and lasting remedy is essential for overcoming this challenging obstacle.
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Although insecurity is not the only factor causing food inflation in Nigeria, it plays a significant role in driving up food prices. It is crucial for the government to prioritize the safety of farmers and implement a strong security Infrastructure as the most effective solution to this issue. In order to protect its sovereignty, combat the food shortage, and guarantee the well-being of its people, the Nigerian government must implement strong measures involving tactical security measures to confront this urgent matter. Restoring a sense of security for farmers is essential for them to resume their agricultural activities.
