The youth of Nigeria, an age group with solid potential, represents a strong force in the region’s political landscape. With over 50% of the total population in the country are between the age of 18 to 29, this group is not just the most active segment of voters but also the country’s future leaders. Yet, despite their strength and historical significance, young people are continually underrepresented in governance positions , with only 1% of youth represented, raising concern about their engagement in politics.
Over the years, young people have consistently led the way in driving administrative transformation. The period surrounding the nation’s independence saw a rise in young leaders taking charge. Public leaders such as Chief Obafemi Awolowo, who established the impactful Egbe Omo Oduduwa in his 30s and assumed a leadership role in the Western Region government at 45, serve as prime examples of the influence role of young people. Dr. Nnamdi Azikwe and Chief Anthony Enahoro, both instrumental in the nation’s independence movement, were young leaders shaping the country’s future.
Even during the military regime, young people continued to thrive.
Despite periods of military rule, youth leadership thrived, exemplified by General Yakubu Gowon becoming Head of State at 32 years old. As shown by these instances, the youth did not only participate but also took charge of public positions. However, the situation has changed entirely recently. Economic challenges, such as the increased expenses associated with administrative campaigns, have led to a decline in young people’s political involvement. For example, the All Progressives Congress (APC) recently set the price of its presidential nomination form at #100 million during the 2023 elections.
Such high campaign costs, often reaching lots of Naira, make it impossible for the economically marginalised young generation to participate in competitive governmental races. With about 45% of the citizens living below the Poverty line and another 23% at risk of falling into poverty, it is no wonder that public office has become the preserve of the wealthy, typically older generation who have had more time to accumulate resources. Their apathetic attitude towards voting increases young people’s economic disenfranchisement. Despite having the potential to influence election outcomes, many young ones feel disconnected from the legislative system.
Due to lack of transparency, they are distancing themselves from politics.
Widespread problems such as electoral fraud, bribery, and voter suppression only deepen their lack of faith in the system, affecting their willingness to participate fully. Even those who wish to participate are often limited by the lack of resources, further perpetuating their exclusion from the administrative process. Despite these challenges, there are signs of a growing movement towards greater youth involvement in politics. The 2023 general elections saw an increase in young participation, with 76% of newly registered voters being young and 40% identifying as students.
Furthermore, the rise in numbers symbolises a growing acknowledgement by young people of their influence in the democratic structure. Yet, for this momentum to result in solid progress, there must be a transition from simply taking part to actively involving themselves in governmental affairs. Encouraging young people to vote is essential, but more is needed. A concerted effort must be made to promote a deeper understanding of the legislative process and the power of collective action among the youth. This includes a robust voter Education initiative that goes beyond the basics of voter registration.
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As a result, young people need to start making wiser decisions about voting, prioritising future advantages over the immediate rewards given by politicians who resort to buying votes. They need to understand that their responsibility extends beyond voting to actively monitoring the political system. Keeping elected officials in check is essential in guaranteeing that the people’s needs are met in government decisions. To achieve this, there needs to be a change in perspective, away from seeking short-term benefits like food and cash handouts from politicians and prioritising long-lasting social and economic progress.