The federal government has highlighted significant progress in Cancer prevention and treatment, citing achievements in vaccination, early detection, treatment, and research. At a press briefing in Abuja to mark the 2025 World Cancer Day, Dr. Iziaq Adekunle Salako, Minister of State for Health and Social Welfare, highlighted the government’s unparalleled investments in cancer care over the past 18 months. The administration has expanded immunisation efforts, with over 12 million girls receiving the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine since the programme began in 2023, while hepatitis vaccinations continue to aid in liver cancer prevention. The government is also upgrading cancer care services in federal tertiary hospitals to improve early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment.
In line with these efforts, the World Health Organization (WHO) commended Nigeria for prioritising cancer and other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) under its Health Sector Renewal Initiative. WHO Country Director in Nigeria, Dr. Walter Kazadi Mulombo, emphasised the need for a patient-centred approach that integrates the perspectives of communities, caregivers, and patients. The WHO has advocated adopting global cancer initiatives, including those focused on breast, childhood, and cervical cancer, as part of its support for Nigeria’s fight against the disease. Meanwhile, the government has finalised plans to establish and upgrade six federal teaching hospitals with Radiotherapy and nuclear Medicine facilities, with three centres set to be commissioned in May 2025 and the remainder by the 2026 World Cancer Day.
NHIA’s plan will ease the financial burden of cancer care.
Beyond infrastructure, the federal government is exploring innovative approaches to making cancer care more accessible, particularly through health insurance. The National Health Insurance Agency (NHIA) has developed a plan for Catastrophic Health Insurance, which aims to provide financial support for patients with conditions such as end-stage renal disease, sickle cell disease, and cancer. This initiative will draw from the Basic Healthcare Provision Fund (BHCPF) and other funding sources within the NHIA. The government also intends to expand cancer screening services, with the Nigeria Institute for Cancer Treatment and Research (NICRAT) introducing preventive Oncology clinical services in North Central and South West Nigeria in 2024. Additionally, Project Pink Blue, an advocacy group, has called for increased funding for the Cancer Health Fund to ease the financial burden on patients.
To further strengthen the fight against cancer, the Minister of State inaugurated the newly constituted National Multisectoral Technical Working Group (NM-TWG), comprising medical professionals, regulatory institutions, Civil Society groups, and equipment manufacturers. The initiative aims to foster collaboration in cancer research, care, and financing. WHO’s Mulombo reiterated the importance of holistic healthcare, stressing that public awareness, prevention, and access to treatment should remain as a top priority. The global health body has pledged continued support for Nigeria in achieving its goal of eliminating preventable cancers by 2030.
High cost of treatment is a barrier for Nigerians.
Despite the government’s efforts, Nigeria continues to face significant challenges in cancer care, particularly in terms of accessibility and affordability. The high cost of treatment remains a major barrier, with many patients unable to afford chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or surgical interventions. While initiatives like the Cancer Health Fund aim to ease this burden, the funding remains insufficient to meet the growing demand. Additionally, the country grapples with a shortage of oncology specialists, meaning that even when treatment is available, long waiting times and overburdened medical professionals hinder timely interventions. Addressing these issues requires sustained Investment in healthcare Infrastructure and a more robust financial support system for cancer patients.
Public awareness also plays a crucial role in the fight against cancer, as late-stage diagnoses remain a major concern. Many Nigerians lack knowledge of early warning signs and the importance of routine screenings, leading to delayed medical consultations. Expanding awareness campaigns, particularly at the grassroots level, could help change this narrative. Schools, workplaces, and religious centres can serve as platforms for disseminating information about preventive measures, including vaccinations and lifestyle changes that reduce cancer risk. Strengthening primary healthcare centres to provide accessible screening services would further enhance early detection and improve survival rates.
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While the government’s commitment to improving cancer care is commendable, the real challenge lies in translating these policies into tangible outcomes. Effective implementation is crucial, requiring not only sustained funding but also strategic collaboration with Private Sector stakeholders and non-governmental organisations. These partnerships will be essential in creating a sustainable framework for cancer care. In addition, prioritising early detection, improving access to affordable treatment, and fostering research and Innovation will be vital to reducing the cancer burden. With consistent effort and a multi-faceted approach, Nigeria can make substantial progress in enhancing patient outcomes and addressing the growing cancer crisis.