In many Nigerian communities, Mental Health issues are often viewed through the lens of superstition and spiritual beliefs. Conditions like depression, anxiety, and schizophrenia are frequently attributed to witchcraft, demonic possession, or as a punishment from the gods. This cultural perception leads to shame and secrecy surrounding these problems. Also, individuals with these challenges often face social exclusion and discrimination. This stigma extends to their families, who may be viewed as having failed in their social responsibilities. As a result, people having these issues are often hidden away, denied basic rights, and are often faced with barriers to education, employment, and social integration.
Many Nigerians also turn to religious leaders for guidance on mental health issues, often leading to the belief that prayer and faith are the primary solutions. While religious support can be beneficial, it can also prevent individuals from seeking professional medical help, as these conditions are sometimes seen as tests of faith rather than medical issues requiring treatment. There is also a general lack of awareness about the conditions and about their treatment among the general population and even among healthcare providers. This lack of understanding contributes to the stigma, as they are not seen as legitimate medical conditions but rather as moral or spiritual failings.
Cost of care concerning as many have no insurance.
Its economic cost is also often high in the country. With limited financial resources, mental health services are not prioritized. For instance, initial consultation with a Psychiatrist or psychologist can range from ₦5,000 to ₦20,000 (approximately $10 to $40) at hospitals. On platforms like Mytherapist.ng, regular therapy sessions with a psychologist or counsellor typically cost between ₦5,000 and ₦15,000 (approximately $10 to $30) per session. Common medications like antidepressants or antipsychotics can also range from ₦2,000 to ₦10,000 (approximately $4 to $20) per month, depending on the specific drug and dosage.
This level of cost is concerning, as many Nigerians do not have health Insurance that covers mental health services, and out-of-pocket expenses can be draining. The unavailability of insurance increases the stigma, making it to be seen as a lesser priority. Professionals and facilities handling these cases are also not enough in Nigeria. The few available services are often concentrated in urban areas, making access difficult for people in villages. Media portrayal of mental illness often reinforces negative stereotypes, depicting individuals with these issues as violent or dangerous. Then, the existing legal and policy frameworks in Nigeria often do not adequately protect the rights of individuals with mental illness. It further heightens their marginalization and the stigma associated with them.
Strategies government can employ to break the stigma.
There are many ways that the government can employ to break this stigma. It can establish kiosks or booths at community events to spark conversations and destigmatize seeking help on these issues. Imagine a booth at a street fair providing mental health resources alongside information on physical health. Partnering with churches, mosques, schools and Vocational Training centres broadens this outreach. Religious leaders and educators, equipped with adequate information about the issues, can identify signs of distress and direct individuals towards appropriate services. This builds trust and uses the edge of the influence these institutions hold within communities.
Integrating mental health Education into the school Curriculum also equips students with the knowledge and tools to approach their emotional well-being from a young age. Age-appropriate curriculums can cover stress management, emotional intelligence, and recognizing signs of mental illness in oneself and others. A more empathetic and supportive environment where students feel comfortable seeking help is created that way. Early intervention can lead to better outcomes throughout life and reduce the stigma associated with mental illness. Schools can also consider incorporating mindfulness exercises or peer-to-peer support groups within the curriculum to create a safe space for open communication.
Related Article: Enhancing Nigerians’ Mental Health Services
Most importantly, Social Media platforms can be powerful tools for disseminating mental health information, promoting peer-to-peer support, and breaking the stigma. Campaigns should use positive and relatable content, such as memes, that encourages help-seeking behaviours and celebrates mental well-being. Partnering with social media influencers who share their stories handling these challenges can increase awareness and combat stigma. This way, social media campaigns can inspire others to seek help and challenge negative stereotypes. Influencers can collaborate with mental health professionals to develop informative and engaging social media content that dispels myths and promotes help-seeking behaviours.